Country Profile China
- 7.973 Trillion
- GDP in USD
- 1,338,612,968
- Population
- 9,596,961
- Area in km2
- CN / 86
- Country/Dial Code
Background:
For centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences, but in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. After World War II, the communists under MAO Zedong established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. After 1978, MAO's successor DENG Xiaoping and other leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled. For much of the population, living standards have improved dramatically and the room for personal choice has expanded, yet political controls remain tight. Since the early 1990s, China has increased its global outreach and participation in international organizations.
Background:
For centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences, but in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. After World War II, the communists under MAO Zedong established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. After 1978, MAO's successor DENG Xiaoping and other leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled. For much of the population, living standards have improved dramatically and the room for personal choice has expanded, yet political controls remain tight. Since the early 1990s, China has increased its global outreach and participation in international organizations.
Country name:
conventional long form: People's Republic of China
conventional short form: China
local long form: Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo
local short form: Zhongguo
abbreviation: PRC
Government type:
Communist state
Capital:
name: Beijing
geographic coordinates: 39 55 N, 116 23 E
time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
note: despite its size, all of China falls within one time zone; many people in Xinjiang Province observe an unofficial 'Xinjiang time zone' of UTC+6, two hours behind Beijing
Administrative divisions:
23 provinces (sheng, singular and plural), 5 autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural), and 4 municipalities (shi, singular and plural)
provinces: Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; (see note on Taiwan)
autonomous regions: Guangxi, Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia), Ningxia, Xinjiang Uygur, Xizang (Tibet)
municipalities: Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Tianjin
note: China considers Taiwan its 23rd province; see separate entries for the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau
Independence:
1 October 1949 (People's Republic of China established); notable earlier dates: 221 B.C. (unification under the Qin Dynasty); 1 January 1912 (Qing Dynasty replaced by the Republic of China)
National holiday:
anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, 1 October (1949)
Constitution:
several previous; latest promulgated 4 December 1982; amended several times, last in 2005 (2005)
Legal system:
civil law influenced by Soviet and continental European civil law systems; legislature retains power to interpret statutes; note - criminal procedure law revised in early 2012
International law organization participation:
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: President XI Jinping (since 14 March 2013); Vice President LI Yuanchao (since 14 March 2013)
head of government: Premier LI Keqiang (since 16 March 2013); Executive Vice Premier ZHANG Gaoli (since 16 March 2013); Vice Premier LIU Yandong (since 16 March 2013); Vice Premier MA Kai (since 16 March 2013); Vice Premier WANG Yang (since 16 March 2013)
cabinet: State Council appointed by National People's Congress
(For more information visit the World Leaders website Opens in New Window)
elections: president and vice president elected by National People's Congress for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 5-17 March 2013 (next to be held in March 2018); premier nominated by president, confirmed by National People's Congress
election results: XI Jinping elected president by National People's Congress with 2,952 votes; LI Yuanchao elected vice president with 2,940 votes
Legislative branch:
unicameral National People's Congress or Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui (2,987 seats; members elected by municipal, regional, and provincial people's congresses, and People's Liberation Army to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held in December 2012-February 2013 (next to be held in late 2017 to early 2018)
election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - 2,987
note: in practice, only members of the CCP, its eight allied parties, and CCP-approved independent candidates are elected
Judicial branch:
highest court(s): Supreme People's Court (consists of over 340 judges including the chief justice, 13 grand justices organized into a civil committee and tribunals for civil, economic, administrative, complaint and appeal, and communication and transportation cases)
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the People's National Congress; term limited to two consecutive 5-year terms; other justices and judges nominated by the chief justice and appointed by the Standing Committee of the People's National Congress; term of other justices and judges NA
subordinate courts: Higher People's Courts; Intermediate People's Courts; District and County People's Courts; Autonomous Region People's Courts; Special People's Courts for military, maritime, transportation, and forestry issues
note - in October 2012, China issued a white paper on planned judicial reform
Political parties and leaders:
Chinese Communist Party or CCP [XI Jinping]
eight nominally independent small parties ultimately controlled by the CCP
Political pressure groups and leaders:
no substantial political opposition groups exist
International organization participation:
ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), BIS, CDB, CICA, EAS, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-24 (observer), G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SCO, SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNMIT, UNOCI, UNSC (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador CUI Tiankai (since 3 April 2013)
chancery: 3505 International Place NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 495-2266
FAX: [1] (202) 495-2138
consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Max Sieben BAUCUS (since 21 February 2014)
embassy: 55 An Jia Lou Lu, 100600 Beijing
mailing address: PSC 461, Box 50, FPO AP 96521-0002
telephone: [86] (10) 8531-3000
FAX: [86] (10) 8531-3300
consulate(s) general: Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenyang, Wuhan
Flag description:
red with a large yellow five-pointed star and four smaller yellow five-pointed stars (arranged in a vertical arc toward the middle of the flag) in the upper hoist-side corner; the color red represents revolution, while the stars symbolize the four social classes - the working class, the peasantry, the urban petty bourgeoisie, and the national bourgeoisie (capitalists) - united under the Communist Party of China
National symbol(s):
dragon
National anthem:
name: 'Yiyongjun Jinxingqu' (The March of the Volunteers)
lyrics/music: TIAN Han/NIE Er
note: adopted 1949; the anthem, though banned during the Cultural Revolution, is more commonly known as 'Zhongguo Guoge' (Chinese National Song); it was originally the theme song to the 1935 Chinese movie, 'Sons and Daughters in a Time of Storm'
Location:
Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam
Geographic coordinates:
35 00 N, 105 00 E
Map references:
Asia
Area:
total: 9,596,960 sq km
country comparison to the world: 4
land: 9,326,410 sq km
water: 270,550 sq km
Area - comparative:
Area comparison map:
Land boundaries:
total: 22,457 km
border countries: Afghanistan 91 km, Bhutan 477 km, Burma 2,129 km, India 2,659 km, Kazakhstan 1,765 km, North Korea 1,352 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,063 km, Laos 475 km, Mongolia 4,630 km, Nepal 1,389 km, Pakistan 438 km, Russia (northeast) 4,139 km, Russia (northwest) 40 km, Tajikistan 477 km, Vietnam 1,297 km
regional borders: Hong Kong 33 km, Macau 3 km
Coastline:
14,500 km
Maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Climate:
extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north
Terrain:
mostly mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west; plains, deltas, and hills in east
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Turpan Pendi -154 m
highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m (highest point in Asia)
Natural resources:
coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, rare earth elements, uranium, hydropower potential (world's largest)
Land use:
arable land: 11.62%
permanent crops: 1.53%
other: 86.84% (2011)
Irrigated land:
629,380 sq km (2006)
Total renewable water resources:
2,840 cu km (2011)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
total: 554.1 cu km/yr (12%/23%/65%)
per capita: 409.9 cu m/yr (2005)
Natural hazards:
frequent typhoons (about five per year along southern and eastern coasts); damaging floods; tsunamis; earthquakes; droughts; land subsidence
volcanism: China contains some historically active volcanoes including Changbaishan (also known as Baitoushan, Baegdu, or P'aektu-san), Hainan Dao, and Kunlun although most have been relatively inactive in recent centuries
Environment - current issues:
air pollution (greenhouse gases, sulfur dioxide particulates) from reliance on coal produces acid rain; China is the world's largest single emitter of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels; water shortages, particularly in the north; water pollution from untreated wastes; deforestation; estimated loss of one-fifth of agricultural land since 1949 to soil erosion and economic development; desertification; trade in endangered species
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
world's fourth largest country (after Russia, Canada, and US) and largest country situated entirely in Asia; Mount Everest on the border with Nepal is the world's tallest peak
Nationality:
noun: Chinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Chinese
Ethnic groups:
Han Chinese 91.6%, Zhuang 1.3%, other (includes Hui, Manchu, Uighur, Miao, Yi, Tujia, Tibetan, Mongol, Dong, Buyei, Yao, Bai, Korean, Hani, Li, Kazakh, Dai and other nationalities) 7.1%
note: the Chinese government officially recognizes 56 ethnic groups (2010 est.)
Languages:
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note: Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uyghur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
Religions:
Buddhist 18.2%, Christian 5.1%, Muslim 1.8%, folk religion 21.9%, Hindu < .1%, Jewish < .1%, other 0.7% (includes Daoist (Taoist)), unaffiliated 52.2%
note: officially atheist (2010 est.)
Population:
1,355,692,576 (July 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 1
Age structure:
0-14 years: 17.1% (male 124,340,516/female 107,287,324)
15-24 years: 14.7% (male 105,763,058/female 93,903,845)
25-54 years: 47.2% (male 327,130,324/female 313,029,536)
55-64 years: 11.3% (male 77,751,100/female 75,737,968)
65 years and over: 9.4% (male 62,646,075/female 68,102,830) (2014 est.)
population pyramid:
Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio: 37.4 %
youth dependency ratio: 24.9 %
elderly dependency ratio: 12.5 %
potential support ratio: 8 (2014 est.)
Median age:
total: 36.7 years
male: 35.8 years
female: 37.5 years (2014 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.44% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 159
Birth rate:
12.17 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 163
Death rate:
7.44 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 115
Net migration rate:
-0.32 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 128
Urbanization:
urban population: 50.6% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 2.85% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - population:
Shanghai 20.208 million; BEIJING (capital) 15.594 million; Guangzhou 10.849 million; Shenzhen 10.63 million; Chongqing 9.977 million; Wuhan 9.158 million (2011)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.11 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.16 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female
total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
37 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 116
Infant mortality rate:
total: 14.79 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 108
male: 14.93 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 75.15 years
country comparison to the world: 100
male: 73.09 years
female: 77.43 years (2014 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.55 children born/woman (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 185
Contraceptive prevalence rate:
84.6% (2006)
Health expenditures:
5.2% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 135
Physicians density:
1.46 physicians/1,000 population (2010)
Hospital bed density:
3.8 beds/1,000 population (2011)
Drinking water source:
improved:
urban: 98.4% of population
rural: 84.9% of population
total: 91.9% of population
unimproved:
urban: 1.6% of population
rural: 15.1% of population
total: 8.1% of population (2012 est.)
Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 74.1% of population
rural: 55.8% of population
total: 65.3% of population
unimproved:
urban: 25.9% of population
rural: 44.2% of population
total: 34.7% of population (2012 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.1% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 130
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
780,000 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 13
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
26,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 16
Major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: Japanese encephalitis
soil contact disease: hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2013)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
5.7% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 152
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
3.4% (2010)
country comparison to the world: 105
Education expenditures:
NA
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 95.1%
male: 97.5%
female: 92.7% (2010 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 13 years
male: 13 years
female: 13 years (2012)
Since the late 1970s China has moved from a closed, centrally planned system to a more market-oriented one that plays a major global role - in 2010 China became the world's largest exporter. Reforms began with the phasing out of collectivized agriculture, and expanded to include the gradual liberalization of prices, fiscal decentralization, increased autonomy for state enterprises, growth of the private sector, development of stock markets and a modern banking system, and opening to foreign trade and investment. China has implemented reforms in a gradualist fashion. In recent years, China has renewed its support for state-owned enterprises in sectors considered important to "economic security," explicitly looking to foster globally competitive industries. After keeping its currency tightly linked to the US dollar for years, in July 2005 China moved to an exchange rate system that references a basket of currencies. From mid 2005 to late 2008 cumulative appreciation of the renminbi against the US dollar was more than 20%, but the exchange rate remained virtually pegged to the dollar from the onset of the global financial crisis until June 2010, when Beijing allowed resumption of a gradual appreciation and expanded the daily trading band within which the RMB is permitted to fluctuate. The restructuring of the economy and resulting efficiency gains have contributed to a more than tenfold increase in GDP since 1978. Measured on a purchasing power parity (PPP) basis that adjusts for price differences, China in 2013 stood as the second-largest economy in the world after the US, having surpassed Japan in 2001. The dollar values of China's agricultural and industrial output each exceed those of the US; China is second to the US in the value of services it produces. Still, per capita income is below the world average. The Chinese government faces numerous economic challenges, including: (a) reducing its high domestic savings rate and correspondingly low domestic consumption; (b) facilitating higher-wage job opportunities for the aspiring middle class, including rural migrants and increasing numbers of college graduates; (c) reducing corruption and other economic crimes; and (d) containing environmental damage and social strife related to the economy's rapid transformation. Economic development has progressed further in coastal provinces than in the interior, and by 2011 more than 250 million migrant workers and their dependents had relocated to urban areas to find work. One consequence of population control policy is that China is now one of the most rapidly aging countries in the world. Deterioration in the environment - notably air pollution, soil erosion, and the steady fall of the water table, especially in the North - is another long-term problem. China continues to lose arable land because of erosion and economic development. The Chinese government is seeking to add energy production capacity from sources other than coal and oil, focusing on nuclear and alternative energy development. Several factors are converging to slow China's growth, including debt overhang from its credit-fueled stimulus program, industrial overcapacity, inefficient allocation of capital by state-owned banks, and the slow recovery of China's trading partners. The government's 12th Five-Year Plan, adopted in March 2011 and reiterated at the Communist Party's "Third Plenum" meeting in November 2013, emphasizes continued economic reforms and the need to increase domestic consumption in order to make the economy less dependent in the future on fixed investments, exports, and heavy industry. However, China has made only marginal progress toward these rebalancing goals. The new government of President XI Jinping has signaled a greater willingness to undertake reforms that focus on China's long-term economic health, including giving the market a more decisive role in allocating resources.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$13.39 trillion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 3
$12.43 trillion (2012 est.)
$11.54 trillion (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
$9.33 trillion
note: because China's exchange rate is determine by fiat, rather than by market forces, the official exchange rate measure of GDP is not an accurate measure of China's output; GDP at the official exchange rate substantially understates the actual level of China's output vis-a-vis the rest of the world; in China's situation, GDP at purchasing power parity provides the best measure for comparing output across countries (2013 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
7.7% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 14
7.7% (2012 est.)
9.3% (2011 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$9,800 (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 121
$9,100 (2012 est.)
$8,300 (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
Gross national saving:
50% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 4
51.2% of GDP (2012 est.)
50.1% of GDP (2011 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption: 36.3%
government consumption: 13.7%
investment in fixed capital: 46%
investment in inventories: 1.2%
exports of goods and services: 25.1%
imports of goods and services: -22.2%
(2013 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture: 10%
industry: 43.9%
services: 46.1%
(2013 est.)
Agriculture - products:
world leader in gross value of agricultural output; rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish
Industries:
world leader in gross value of industrial output; mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products (including footwear, toys, and electronics); food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites
Industrial production growth rate:
7.6% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
Labor force:
797.6 million
country comparison to the world: 1
note: by the end of 2012, China's population at working age (15-64 years) was 1.0040 billion (2013 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 33.6%
industry: 30.3%
services: 36.1%
(2012 est.)
Unemployment rate:
4.1% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 32
4.1% (2012 est.)
note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants
Population below poverty line:
6.1%
note: in 2011, China set a new poverty line at RMB 2300 (approximately US $3,630)
(2013)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 1.7%
highest 10%: 30%
note: data are for urban households only (2009)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
47.3 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 27
47.4 (2012)
Budget:
revenues: $2.118 trillion
expenditures: $2.292 trillion (2013 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
19.4% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-2.1% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89
Public debt:
22.4% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
26.1% of GDP (2012)
note: official data; data cover both central government debt and local government debt, which China's National Audit Office estimated at RMB 10.72 trillion (approximately US$1.66 trillion) in 2011; data exclude policy bank bonds, Ministry of Railway debt, China Asset Management Company debt, and non-performing loans
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
2.6% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 100
2.6% (2012 est.)
Central bank discount rate:
2.25% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 110
2.25% (31 December 2012 est.)
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
5.73% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 132
6% (31 December 2012 est.)
Stock of narrow money:
$5.532 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 3
$4.911 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
Stock of broad money:
$18.15 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 1
$15.5 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
Stock of domestic credit:
$11.79 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 4
$10.02 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$6.499 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
$5.753 trillion (31 December 2012)
$3.389 trillion (31 December 2011 est.)
Current account balance:
$182.8 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
$215.4 billion (2012 est.)
Exports:
$2.21 trillion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 1
$2.049 trillion (2012 est.)
Exports - commodities:
electrical and other machinery, including data processing equipment, apparel, radio telephone handsets, textiles, integrated circuits
Exports - partners:
Hong Kong 17.4%, US 16.7%, Japan 6.8%, South Korea 4.1% (2013 est.)
Imports:
$1.95 trillion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 3
$1.818 trillion (2012 est.)
Imports - commodities:
electrical and other machinery, oil and mineral fuels; nuclear reactor, boiler, and machinery components; optical and medical equipment, metal ores, motor vehicles; soybeans
Imports - partners:
South Korea 9.4%, Japan 8.3%, Taiwan 8%, United States 7.8%, Australia 5%, Germany 4.8% (2013 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$3.821 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 1
$3.388 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
Debt - external:
$863.2 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
$737 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$1.344 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 4
$1.232 trillion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$541 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 15
$531.9 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
Exchange rates:
Renminbi yuan (RMB) per US dollar -
6.2 (2013 est.)
6.3123 (2012 est.)
6.7703 (2010 est.)
6.8314 (2009)
6.9385 (2008)
Telephones - main lines in use:
278.86 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 1
Telephones - mobile cellular:
1.1 billion (2012)
country comparison to the world: 1
Telephone system:
general assessment: domestic and international services are increasingly available for private use; unevenly distributed domestic system serves principal cities, industrial centers, and many towns; China continues to develop its telecommunications infrastructure; China in the summer of 2008 began a major restructuring of its telecommunications industry, resulting in the consolidation of its six telecom service operators to three, China Telecom, China Mobile and China Unicom, each providing both fixed-line and mobile services
domestic: interprovincial fiber-optic trunk lines and cellular telephone systems have been installed; mobile-cellular subscribership is increasing rapidly; the number of Internet users exceeded 564 million by the end of 2012; a domestic satellite system with several earth stations is in place
international: country code - 86; a number of submarine cables provide connectivity to Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and the US; satellite earth stations - 7 (5 Intelsat - 4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean; 1 Intersputnik - Indian Ocean region; and 1 Inmarsat - Pacific and Indian Ocean regions) (2012)
Broadcast media:
all broadcast media are owned by, or affiliated with, the Communist Party of China or a government agency; no privately owned TV or radio stations; state-run Chinese Central TV, provincial, and municipal stations offer more than 2,000 channels; the Central Propaganda Department lists subjects that are off limits to domestic broadcast media with the government maintaining authority to approve all programming; foreign-made TV programs must be approved prior to broadcast
Internet country code:
.cn
Internet hosts:
20.602 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 5
Internet users:
389 million (2009)
country comparison to the world: 1
Airports:
507 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 14
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 463
over 3,047 m: 71
2,438 to 3,047 m: 158
1,524 to 2,437 m: 123
914 to 1,523 m: 25
under 914 m: 86 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 44
over 3,047 m: 4
2,438 to 3,047 m: 7
1,524 to 2,437 m: 6
914 to 1,523 m: 9
under 914 m:
18 (2013)
Heliports:
47 (2013)
Pipelines:
condensate 9 km; gas 48,502 km; oil 23,072 km; oil/gas/water 31 km; refined products 15,298 km; water 9 km (2013)
Railways:
total: 86,000 km
country comparison to the world: 3
standard gauge: 86,000 km 1.435-m gauge (36,000 km electrified) (2008)
Roadways:
total: 4,106,387 km
country comparison to the world: 3
paved: 3,453,890 km (includes 84,946 km of expressways)
unpaved: 652,497 km (2011)
Waterways:
110,000 km (navigable waterways) (2011)
country comparison to the world: 1
Merchant marine:
total: 2,030
country comparison to the world: 3
by type: barge carrier 7, bulk carrier 621, cargo 566, carrier 10, chemical tanker 140, container 206, liquefied gas 60, passenger 9, passenger/cargo 81, petroleum tanker 264, refrigerated cargo 33, roll on/roll off 8, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 23
foreign-owned: 22 (Hong Kong 18, Indonesia 2, Japan 2)
registered in other countries: 1,559 (Bangladesh 1, Belize 61, Cambodia 177, Comoros 1, Cyprus 6, Georgia 10, Honduras 2, Hong Kong 500, India 1, Indonesia 1, Kiribati 26, Liberia 4, Malta 6, Marshall Islands 14, North Korea 3, Panama 534, Philippines 4, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 65, Sao Tome and Principe 1, Sierra Leone 19, Singapore 29, South Korea 6, Thailand 1, Togo 1, Tuvalu 4, UK 7, Vanuatu 1, unknown 73) (2010)
Ports and terminals:
major seaport(s): Dalian, Ningbo, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Tianjin
river port(s): Guangzhou (Pearl)
container port(s) (TEUs): Dalian (6,400,300), Guangzhou (14,260,400), Ningbo (14,719,200), Qingdao (13,020,100), Shanghai (31,739,000), Shenzhen (22,570,800), Tianjin (11,587,600)(2011)
Electricity - production:
5.398 trillion kWh (2013)
country comparison to the world: 1
Electricity - consumption:
5.322 trillion kWh (2013)
country comparison to the world: 1
Electricity - exports:
18.67 billion kWh (2013)
country comparison to the world: 12
Electricity - imports:
7.438 billion kWh (2013)
country comparison to the world: 31
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
1.247 billion kW (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 1
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
69.1% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 109
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
1.2% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 30
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
22.5% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 85
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
7.2% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34
Crude oil - production:
4.197 million bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 4
Crude oil - exports:
33,000 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
Crude oil - imports:
5.664 million bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
Crude oil - proved reserves:
17.3 billion bbl (1 January 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 14
Refined petroleum products - production:
9.371 million bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 3
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
9.79 million bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 3
Refined petroleum products - exports:
664,000 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 9
Refined petroleum products - imports:
922,000 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 6
Natural gas - production:
117.1 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7
Natural gas - consumption:
150 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 4
Natural gas - exports:
2.4 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
Natural gas - imports:
53 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 6
Natural gas - proved reserves:
3.1 trillion cu m (1 January 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 12
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
10 billion Mt (2013 est.)
Realistic Export Opportunies
Source: TRADE Decision Support Model
A total of 481 Realistic Export Opportunities (REOs) from South Africa to China are identified based on the North-West University’s (South Africa) TRADE Decision Support Model (DSM).
The methodology is a very useful instrument to identify market opportunities globally for one’s product and also provides a good reference for one to be able to prioritise marketing efforts based on the value and size of these opportunities.
The TRADE-DSM Navigator provides sound information that companies are able to use in developing their export marketing strategy and forms the basis and guidance for further research should this be required.
In total 481 of the products associated with import demand are identified as realistic export opportunities. The relative 'untapped' potential of the market opportunity is shown in the chart below:
A total 'untapped' potential from South Africa's perspective of approximately 23.37 (in million US dollar terms) based on the average value of the top 6 supplying countries (excluding South Africa) are associated with these specific product export opportunities.
The highest number of identified opportunities are associated with the economic sector of
Food (301-304) .
Not all sectors will be present, as not all economic sectors (some of which are based on economic activity while the REOs are based on traded products) are relevant for all products. However, various other sectors also do exhibit potential.
While the above examples are based on high level economic sectors, the information is available at a much more granular level on the HS 6-digit tariff code level. To demonstrate the following example of a product description is provided:
HS CHAPTER 84:
NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS, MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES; PARTS THEREOF
Sub-heading 84.27:
Fork-lift trucks; other works trucks fitted with lifting or handling equipment:
HS 6-digit product code 8427.10:
Self-propelled trucks powered by an electric motor.
Research reports containing more detailed information related to these realistic export opportunities (down to product level as illustrated with the above product description) for each country are available from TIKZN.
Please contact us if you are interested in more detail by clicking here.
For an example of a more detailed country report please click here.
Please note that a more up-to-date version for the specific country report used in this example is available from TIKZN. This report is provided for demonstration purposes only and should not be used for any decision-making.
For more in-depth research you can also contact our NWU knowledge partners at
TRADE Research Advisory.
Trade Leads
Source: DTI Trade Lead Bulletins
| Ref | Date Received | Officials Details | Nature of Enquiry |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ref | Date Received | Officials Details | Nature of Enquiry |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount in Rands |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Total Trade | 00 | R 8,786,395,662.00 |
| 2 | Ores, slag and ash | 26 | R 3,357,370,147.00 |
| 3 | Pulp of wood, fibrous cellulosic material, waste etc | 47 | R 1,895,246,514.00 |
| 4 | Copper and articles thereof | 74 | R 1,828,576,977.00 |
| 5 | Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal | 44 | R 333,389,951.00 |
| 6 | Sugars and sugar confectionery | 17 | R 276,574,804.00 |
| 7 | Iron and steel | 72 | R 256,611,116.00 |
| 8 | Aluminium and articles thereof | 76 | R 228,284,705.00 |
| 9 | Miscellaneous chemical products | 38 | R 141,771,766.00 |
| 10 | Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc | 32 | R 103,322,638.00 |
| 11 | Manmade staple fibres | 55 | R 39,172,566.00 |
| 12 | Pharmaceutical products | 30 | R 35,633,766.00 |
| 13 | Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc | 84 | R 29,729,405.00 |
| 14 | Electrical, electronic equipment | 85 | R 29,068,058.00 |
| 15 | Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board | 48 | R 28,491,913.00 |
| 16 | Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons | 08 | R 25,905,202.00 |
| 17 | Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes | 03 | R 24,937,426.00 |
| 18 | Vehicles other than railway, tramway | 87 | R 20,464,036.00 |
| 19 | Railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock, equipment | 86 | R 15,737,671.00 |
| 20 | Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement | 25 | R 14,970,909.00 |
| 21 | Plastics and articles thereof | 39 | R 14,513,345.00 |
| 22 | Organic chemicals | 29 | R 12,661,261.00 |
| 23 | Beverages, spirits and vinegar | 22 | R 11,030,473.00 |
| 24 | Articles of iron or steel | 73 | R 10,955,468.00 |
| 25 | Lead and articles thereof | 78 | R 9,876,794.00 |
| 26 | Cereals | 10 | R 8,154,872.00 |
| 27 | Manmade filaments | 54 | R 7,089,792.00 |
| 28 | Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes | 28 | R 3,919,199.00 |
| 29 | Meat, fish and seafood food preparations nes | 16 | R 3,908,806.00 |
| 30 | Live trees, plants, bulbs, roots, cut flowers etc | 06 | R 3,595,039.00 |
| 31 | Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc | 71 | R 3,354,015.00 |
| 32 | Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes | 34 | R 2,174,277.00 |
| 33 | Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc | 63 | R 1,917,325.00 |
| 34 | Lac, gums, resins, vegetable saps and extracts nes | 13 | R 1,901,033.00 |
| 35 | Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings | 94 | R 1,269,401.00 |
| 36 | Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques | 97 | R 1,245,715.00 |
| 37 | Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes | 12 | R 585,585.00 |
| 38 | Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof | 88 | R 573,674.00 |
| 39 | Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc | 49 | R 549,917.00 |
| 40 | Meat and edible meat offal | 02 | R 414,692.00 |
| 41 | Glass and glassware | 70 | R 377,335.00 |
| 42 | Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries | 33 | R 138,376.00 |
| 43 | Coffee, tea, mate and spices | 09 | R 125,966.00 |
| 44 | Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric | 59 | R 119,208.00 |
| 45 | Toys, games, sports requisites | 95 | R 113,490.00 |
| 46 | Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus | 90 | R 86,195.00 |
| 47 | Wadding, felt, nonwovens, yarns, twine, cordage, etc | 56 | R 83,790.00 |
| 48 | Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles | 68 | R 81,004.00 |
| 49 | Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather | 41 | R 74,269.00 |
| 50 | Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc | 27 | R 49,021.00 |
| 51 | Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products | 19 | R 45,781.00 |
| 52 | Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet | 62 | R 39,150.00 |
| 53 | Rubber and articles thereof | 40 | R 37,152.00 |
| 54 | Cotton | 52 | R 29,035.00 |
| 55 | Miscellaneous articles of base metal | 83 | R 14,890.00 |
| 56 | Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods | 42 | R 9,255.00 |
| 57 | Albuminoids, modified starches, glues, enzymes | 35 | R 4,972.00 |
| 58 | Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet | 61 | R 4,687.00 |
| 59 | Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal | 82 | R 4,029.00 |
| 60 | Ships, boats and other floating structures | 89 | R 2,624.00 |
| 61 | Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof | 64 | R 2,338.00 |
| 62 | Headgear and parts thereof | 65 | R 1,542.00 |
| 63 | Clocks and watches and parts thereof | 91 | R 656.00 |
| 64 | Ceramic products | 69 | R 240.00 |
| 65 | Other base metals, cermets, articles thereof | 81 | R 193.00 |
| 66 | Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc | 58 | R 135.00 |
| 67 | Fertilizers | 31 | R 31.00 |
| 68 | Bird skin, feathers, artificial flowers, human hair | 67 | R 30.00 |
| 69 | Carpets and other textile floor coverings | 57 | R 10.00 |
| 70 | Miscellaneous manufactured articles | 96 | R 5.00 |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount in Rands |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Total Trade | 00 | R 10,123,438,810.00 |
| 2 | Ores, slag and ash | 26 | R 3,398,921,626.00 |
| 3 | Pulp of wood, fibrous cellulosic material, waste etc | 47 | R 3,334,861,540.00 |
| 4 | Copper and articles thereof | 74 | R 1,738,074,917.00 |
| 5 | Sugars and sugar confectionery | 17 | R 468,897,379.00 |
| 6 | Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal | 44 | R 249,187,085.00 |
| 7 | Aluminium and articles thereof | 76 | R 233,088,666.00 |
| 8 | Iron and steel | 72 | R 213,332,861.00 |
| 9 | Miscellaneous chemical products | 38 | R 119,244,717.00 |
| 10 | Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc | 32 | R 102,184,213.00 |
| 11 | Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board | 48 | R 40,412,071.00 |
| 12 | Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement | 25 | R 31,387,211.00 |
| 13 | Beverages, spirits and vinegar | 22 | R 28,162,674.00 |
| 14 | Pharmaceutical products | 30 | R 25,220,598.00 |
| 15 | Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes | 28 | R 23,263,384.00 |
| 16 | Electrical, electronic equipment | 85 | R 23,185,245.00 |
| 17 | Railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock, equipment | 86 | R 19,084,457.00 |
| 18 | Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc | 84 | R 14,124,270.00 |
| 19 | Plastics and articles thereof | 39 | R 12,437,022.00 |
| 20 | Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes | 03 | R 11,120,863.00 |
| 21 | Organic chemicals | 29 | R 9,699,654.00 |
| 22 | Articles of iron or steel | 73 | R 9,322,205.00 |
| 23 | Commodities not elsewhere specified | 99 | R 6,436,937.00 |
| 24 | Carpets and other textile floor coverings | 57 | R 3,732,230.00 |
| 25 | Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus | 90 | R 1,295,336.00 |
| 26 | Manmade filaments | 54 | R 1,144,957.00 |
| 27 | Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles | 68 | R 947,846.00 |
| 28 | Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques | 97 | R 901,899.00 |
| 29 | Rubber and articles thereof | 40 | R 702,939.00 |
| 30 | Meat and edible meat offal | 02 | R 448,860.00 |
| 31 | Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc | 71 | R 436,918.00 |
| 32 | Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons | 08 | R 408,370.00 |
| 33 | Lac, gums, resins, vegetable saps and extracts nes | 13 | R 359,648.00 |
| 34 | Live trees, plants, bulbs, roots, cut flowers etc | 06 | R 216,014.00 |
| 35 | Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc | 49 | R 173,235.00 |
| 36 | Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries | 33 | R 149,184.00 |
| 37 | Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc | 27 | R 138,017.00 |
| 38 | Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather | 41 | R 132,587.00 |
| 39 | Cork and articles of cork | 45 | R 98,658.00 |
| 40 | Glass and glassware | 70 | R 95,466.00 |
| 41 | Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc | 63 | R 90,845.00 |
| 42 | Vehicles other than railway, tramway | 87 | R 82,108.00 |
| 43 | Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations | 20 | R 45,708.00 |
| 44 | Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal | 82 | R 43,823.00 |
| 45 | Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes | 34 | R 43,244.00 |
| 46 | Toys, games, sports requisites | 95 | R 27,539.00 |
| 47 | Headgear and parts thereof | 65 | R 14,366.00 |
| 48 | Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet | 61 | R 14,190.00 |
| 49 | Other base metals, cermets, articles thereof | 81 | R 11,920.00 |
| 50 | Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings | 94 | R 10,478.00 |
| 51 | Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods | 42 | R 7,170.00 |
| 52 | Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof | 64 | R 5,578.00 |
| 53 | Miscellaneous articles of base metal | 83 | R 2,634.00 |
| 54 | Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet | 62 | R 2,447.00 |
| 55 | Miscellaneous manufactured articles | 96 | R 1,722.00 |
| 56 | Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc | 15 | R 1,326.00 |
| 57 | Miscellaneous edible preparations | 21 | R 850.00 |
| 58 | Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric | 59 | R 763.00 |
| 59 | Cotton | 52 | R 143.00 |
| 60 | Manmade staple fibres | 55 | R 137.00 |
| 61 | Clocks and watches and parts thereof | 91 | R 31.00 |
| 62 | Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc | 58 | R 29.00 |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount in Rands |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Total Trade | 00 | R 9,008,527,009.00 |
| 2 | Ores, slag and ash | 26 | R 4,040,821,428.00 |
| 3 | Pulp of wood, fibrous cellulosic material, waste etc | 47 | R 3,353,398,093.00 |
| 4 | Iron and steel | 72 | R 354,526,302.00 |
| 5 | Aluminium and articles thereof | 76 | R 243,194,373.00 |
| 6 | Copper and articles thereof | 74 | R 243,098,916.00 |
| 7 | Sugars and sugar confectionery | 17 | R 154,639,060.00 |
| 8 | Electrical, electronic equipment | 85 | R 128,453,843.00 |
| 9 | Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc | 32 | R 108,312,390.00 |
| 10 | Miscellaneous chemical products | 38 | R 106,051,039.00 |
| 11 | Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board | 48 | R 90,214,340.00 |
| 12 | Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc | 84 | R 33,903,361.00 |
| 13 | Organic chemicals | 29 | R 32,010,261.00 |
| 14 | Railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock, equipment | 86 | R 27,297,007.00 |
| 15 | Pharmaceutical products | 30 | R 19,215,300.00 |
| 16 | Articles of iron or steel | 73 | R 14,545,167.00 |
| 17 | Plastics and articles thereof | 39 | R 11,060,788.00 |
| 18 | Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal | 44 | R 8,053,975.00 |
| 19 | Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles | 68 | R 7,332,888.00 |
| 20 | Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus | 90 | R 5,626,463.00 |
| 21 | Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes | 28 | R 5,098,180.00 |
| 22 | Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc | 27 | R 3,793,444.00 |
| 23 | Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement | 25 | R 3,576,915.00 |
| 24 | Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc | 63 | R 3,004,132.00 |
| 25 | Beverages, spirits and vinegar | 22 | R 2,605,056.00 |
| 26 | Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques | 97 | R 2,363,251.00 |
| 27 | Manmade filaments | 54 | R 1,402,075.00 |
| 28 | Meat, fish and seafood food preparations nes | 16 | R 920,751.00 |
| 29 | Lead and articles thereof | 78 | R 713,659.00 |
| 30 | Residues, wastes of food industry, animal fodder | 23 | R 608,125.00 |
| 31 | Coffee, tea, mate and spices | 09 | R 393,483.00 |
| 32 | Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes | 03 | R 330,802.00 |
| 33 | Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal | 82 | R 204,117.00 |
| 34 | Carpets and other textile floor coverings | 57 | R 203,588.00 |
| 35 | Rubber and articles thereof | 40 | R 178,606.00 |
| 36 | Manmade staple fibres | 55 | R 153,415.00 |
| 37 | Other base metals, cermets, articles thereof | 81 | R 147,930.00 |
| 38 | Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations | 20 | R 147,242.00 |
| 39 | Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc | 49 | R 116,877.00 |
| 40 | Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings | 94 | R 112,016.00 |
| 41 | Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries | 33 | R 102,548.00 |
| 42 | Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc | 71 | R 85,788.00 |
| 43 | Cotton | 52 | R 82,948.00 |
| 44 | Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes | 34 | R 60,604.00 |
| 45 | Miscellaneous manufactured articles | 96 | R 56,744.00 |
| 46 | Miscellaneous articles of base metal | 83 | R 39,418.00 |
| 47 | Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons | 08 | R 38,360.00 |
| 48 | Miscellaneous edible preparations | 21 | R 37,962.00 |
| 49 | Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet | 62 | R 37,652.00 |
| 50 | Vehicles other than railway, tramway | 87 | R 36,477.00 |
| 51 | Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet | 61 | R 23,567.00 |
| 52 | Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods | 42 | R 19,773.00 |
| 53 | Toys, games, sports requisites | 95 | R 16,620.00 |
| 54 | Cocoa and cocoa preparations | 18 | R 15,076.00 |
| 55 | Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products | 19 | R 14,969.00 |
| 56 | Headgear and parts thereof | 65 | R 14,664.00 |
| 57 | Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof | 64 | R 9,428.00 |
| 58 | Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric | 59 | R 4,407.00 |
| 59 | Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc | 58 | R 798.00 |
| 60 | Glass and glassware | 70 | R 200.00 |
| 61 | Products of animal origin, nes | 05 | R 126.00 |
| 62 | Albuminoids, modified starches, glues, enzymes | 35 | R 91.00 |
| 63 | Wool, animal hair, horsehair yarn and fabric thereof | 51 | R 81.00 |
| 64 | Furskins and artificial fur, manufactures thereof | 43 | R 30.00 |
| 65 | Clocks and watches and parts thereof | 91 | R 20.00 |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount in Rands |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Total Trade | 00 | R 9,067,962,452.00 |
| 2 | Pulp of wood, fibrous cellulosic material, waste etc | 47 | R 4,169,196,005.00 |
| 3 | Ores, slag and ash | 26 | R 3,405,768,624.00 |
| 4 | Iron and steel | 72 | R 355,830,061.00 |
| 5 | Copper and articles thereof | 74 | R 277,758,161.00 |
| 6 | Aluminium and articles thereof | 76 | R 205,986,006.00 |
| 7 | Electrical, electronic equipment | 85 | R 176,669,014.00 |
| 8 | Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc | 32 | R 130,052,643.00 |
| 9 | Miscellaneous chemical products | 38 | R 104,488,451.00 |
| 10 | Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal | 44 | R 72,418,148.00 |
| 11 | Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board | 48 | R 65,201,361.00 |
| 12 | Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc | 84 | R 17,243,927.00 |
| 13 | Pharmaceutical products | 30 | R 15,283,384.00 |
| 14 | Organic chemicals | 29 | R 11,090,118.00 |
| 15 | Plastics and articles thereof | 39 | R 9,860,071.00 |
| 16 | Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc | 27 | R 9,648,998.00 |
| 17 | Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus | 90 | R 8,868,377.00 |
| 18 | Articles of iron or steel | 73 | R 5,787,203.00 |
| 19 | Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather | 41 | R 4,244,916.00 |
| 20 | Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes | 03 | R 3,164,168.00 |
| 21 | Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques | 97 | R 2,785,979.00 |
| 22 | Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric | 59 | R 2,785,609.00 |
| 23 | Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement | 25 | R 2,471,796.00 |
| 24 | Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles | 68 | R 2,227,230.00 |
| 25 | Carpets and other textile floor coverings | 57 | R 2,215,567.00 |
| 26 | Rubber and articles thereof | 40 | R 1,836,382.00 |
| 27 | Beverages, spirits and vinegar | 22 | R 1,422,616.00 |
| 28 | Manmade filaments | 54 | R 935,019.00 |
| 29 | Glass and glassware | 70 | R 934,709.00 |
| 30 | Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc | 63 | R 672,163.00 |
| 31 | Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products | 19 | R 542,879.00 |
| 32 | Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings | 94 | R 239,414.00 |
| 33 | Miscellaneous manufactured articles | 96 | R 133,816.00 |
| 34 | Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof | 64 | R 67,535.00 |
| 35 | Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal | 82 | R 41,602.00 |
| 36 | Albuminoids, modified starches, glues, enzymes | 35 | R 30,618.00 |
| 37 | Vehicles other than railway, tramway | 87 | R 17,306.00 |
| 38 | Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries | 33 | R 10,623.00 |
| 39 | Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc | 49 | R 9,347.00 |
| 40 | Miscellaneous articles of base metal | 83 | R 7,615.00 |
| 41 | Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet | 61 | R 2,990.00 |
| 42 | Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods | 42 | R 2,770.00 |
| 43 | Headgear and parts thereof | 65 | R 1,730.00 |
| 44 | Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes | 28 | R 1,413.00 |
| 45 | Miscellaneous edible preparations | 21 | R 1,307.00 |
| 46 | Wadding, felt, nonwovens, yarns, twine, cordage, etc | 56 | R 1,056.00 |
| 47 | Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet | 62 | R 967.00 |
| 48 | Tin and articles thereof | 80 | R 576.00 |
| 49 | Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes | 34 | R 503.00 |
| 50 | Other base metals, cermets, articles thereof | 81 | R 478.00 |
| 51 | Furskins and artificial fur, manufactures thereof | 43 | R 344.00 |
| 52 | Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc | 71 | R 307.00 |
| 53 | Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc | 58 | R 250.00 |
| 54 | Silk | 50 | R 190.00 |
| 55 | Cotton | 52 | R 100.00 |
| 56 | Manmade staple fibres | 55 | R 10.00 |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount in Rands |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Total Trade | 00 | R 7,698,610,232.00 |
| 2 | Pulp of wood, fibrous cellulosic material, waste etc | 47 | R 3,193,068,723.00 |
| 3 | Ores, slag and ash | 26 | R 2,900,365,895.00 |
| 4 | Iron and steel | 72 | R 641,349,686.00 |
| 5 | Aluminium and articles thereof | 76 | R 310,998,927.00 |
| 6 | Copper and articles thereof | 74 | R 251,186,602.00 |
| 7 | Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc | 32 | R 81,836,275.00 |
| 8 | Miscellaneous chemical products | 38 | R 79,845,173.00 |
| 9 | Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal | 44 | R 51,842,354.00 |
| 10 | Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board | 48 | R 37,806,935.00 |
| 11 | Railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock, equipment | 86 | R 29,775,077.00 |
| 12 | Plastics and articles thereof | 39 | R 17,775,481.00 |
| 13 | Pharmaceutical products | 30 | R 14,116,580.00 |
| 14 | Vehicles other than railway, tramway | 87 | R 13,271,895.00 |
| 15 | Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather | 41 | R 12,159,832.00 |
| 16 | Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc | 84 | R 12,045,639.00 |
| 17 | Electrical, electronic equipment | 85 | R 10,471,418.00 |
| 18 | Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes | 28 | R 9,489,978.00 |
| 19 | Carpets and other textile floor coverings | 57 | R 7,318,097.00 |
| 20 | Organic chemicals | 29 | R 6,831,477.00 |
| 21 | Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles | 68 | R 4,931,195.00 |
| 22 | Cereals | 10 | R 2,062,585.00 |
| 23 | Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes | 12 | R 1,282,762.00 |
| 24 | Rubber and articles thereof | 40 | R 1,276,626.00 |
| 25 | Manmade filaments | 54 | R 1,066,629.00 |
| 26 | Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc | 71 | R 1,022,146.00 |
| 27 | Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques | 97 | R 1,007,359.00 |
| 28 | Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus | 90 | R 579,203.00 |
| 29 | Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement | 25 | R 571,105.00 |
| 30 | Articles of iron or steel | 73 | R 530,483.00 |
| 31 | Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods | 42 | R 523,944.00 |
| 32 | Coffee, tea, mate and spices | 09 | R 399,503.00 |
| 33 | Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric | 59 | R 347,023.00 |
| 34 | Toys, games, sports requisites | 95 | R 326,887.00 |
| 35 | Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products | 19 | R 303,520.00 |
| 36 | Beverages, spirits and vinegar | 22 | R 206,263.00 |
| 37 | Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations | 20 | R 161,079.00 |
| 38 | Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet | 62 | R 153,300.00 |
| 39 | Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal | 82 | R 88,699.00 |
| 40 | Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof | 64 | R 80,307.00 |
| 41 | Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings | 94 | R 71,159.00 |
| 42 | Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes | 34 | R 22,708.00 |
| 43 | Bird skin, feathers, artificial flowers, human hair | 67 | R 17,250.00 |
| 44 | Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc | 63 | R 6,916.00 |
| 45 | Cotton | 52 | R 5,053.00 |
| 46 | Ships, boats and other floating structures | 89 | R 3,600.00 |
| 47 | Knitted or crocheted fabric | 60 | R 2,133.00 |
| 48 | Manmade staple fibres | 55 | R 1,808.00 |
| 49 | Wadding, felt, nonwovens, yarns, twine, cordage, etc | 56 | R 1,359.00 |
| 50 | Miscellaneous manufactured articles | 96 | R 890.00 |
| 51 | Glass and glassware | 70 | R 280.00 |
| 52 | Tin and articles thereof | 80 | R 200.00 |
| 53 | Miscellaneous articles of base metal | 83 | R 104.00 |
| 54 | Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc | 49 | R 60.00 |
| 55 | Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc | 58 | R 50.00 |
| # | Description | Chapter | Amount |
Trade Blocs
China belongs to the following Trade Blocs
Physical Address 965 Church Street, , Arcadia, 0083
Postal Address
, , Waterkloof,
Tel no
012 431 6500
Email
-
Physical Address 5 Dongzhimenwai Dajie, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100600
Postal Address
-
Tel no
+ 86 10 8532 0000
|
Visa Required: Yes Period/Purpose: Visa Fee: Yes Visa Issuing Authority: Embassy of China 965 Church Street Tel012-4316500 Compulsory Vaccination Requirement(s): Yellow Fever if coming from endemic country or travelled through an endemic country Recommended Vaccination Requirement(s): Polio, Tetanus, Hepatitus A, Malaria Prophylaxis |
Ports of entry and Airports
Downloads
| Name | Description | Type | Size | Published | View |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Embassies, Consulates and High Commissions | Embassies, Consulates and High Commissions | 0 B | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | view |